Dalit social discrimination and untouchability are deeply rooted problems in Indian society that originate from the rigid caste system. For centuries, Dalits were treated as “untouchables” and denied basic human rights, including access to education, temples, public spaces, and dignified occupations.
Although untouchability has been legally abolished, its social practice still survives in many forms, especially in rural areas. Discrimination continues to affect Dalits in education, employment, housing, healthcare, and social interactions.
The practice of untouchability emerged from the hierarchical caste system, where Dalits were placed at the lowest level and considered “impure.” They were forced into occupations such as manual scavenging, leather work, and sanitation.
Social reformers like Jyotirao Phule, Savitribai Phule, Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, and most importantly Dr. B. R. Ambedkar challenged this inhuman system. Ambedkar described untouchability as a form of “social slavery” and fought for equal rights, dignity, and justice.
Even today, Dalits face discrimination in multiple ways:
India has strong constitutional provisions to eliminate untouchability and protect Dalit rights:
Despite laws, untouchability continues due to:
Education plays a crucial role in breaking caste barriers. Inclusive education, awareness campaigns, and teaching constitutional values can challenge traditional caste prejudices.
Social movements, Dalit literature, media, and digital activism are also powerful tools for changing mindsets and demanding accountability.
Ending social discrimination requires collective effort:
A society free from untouchability is not just a Dalit issue, it is a moral responsibility of the entire nation.
Dalit social discrimination and untouchability are challenges that question the idea of equality and democracy. While legal frameworks exist, real change requires transformation in social attitudes.
True progress will be achieved only when every individual, regardless of caste, is treated with dignity, respect, and equal opportunity.